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Lay gained from the Frito Company an exclusive franchise to manufacture and distribute Fritos corn chips in the Southeast. In 1983 Calloway shifted to the PepsiCo headquarters in Purchase, New York, to become the parent company's CFO (and eventually its chairman and CEO). Taking over as president of Frito-Lay was Michael Jordan, who held the position for two years before also heading to Purchase and eventually becoming PepsiCo president.
Company Histories
With the domestic market so firmly in its control, Frito-Lay was sure to look increasingly overseas for growth opportunities, particularly because there was no other global competitor in the industry. In the early 21st century, the company was likely to continue its expansion of its main brands--especially Lay's, Ruffles, Chee-tos, and Doritos--into new markets and to seek additional acquisitions and joint ventures in order to add more brands to its non-U.S. Portfolio, which featured Walker's in the United Kingdom and Sabritas in Mexico. Entering the 1990s, Frito-Lay faced continuing challenges from both regional and national players, including the upstart Eagle Snacks brand, owned by beer powerhouse Anheuser-Busch Cos. Eagle Snacks gained market share in the 1980s with premium products that sold for low prices, some of which were 20 percent lower than those of Frito-Lay. In addition to the increased competition, Frito-Lay also suffered in the late 1980s through 1990 from self-inflicted wounds, such as increasing prices faster than inflation, letting the corporate payroll become bloated, and allowing product quality to decline.
The Frito Company
Among the successful line extensions introduced in this period were Cool Ranch flavor Doritos and a low-fat version of Ruffles. In 1989 Frito-Lay acquired the Smartfood brand of cheddar-cheese popcorn, a regional brand it hoped to roll out nationwide. The company was also finding success in the international market, where profits were increasing 20 percent per year, revenues exceeded $500 million by the end of the decade, and Frito-Lay products were being sold in 20 countries.
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In early 1991, Roger A. Enrico was named to the top spot at Frito-Lay, after most recently serving as president of PepsiCo Worldwide Beverages. Enrico, a former Frito-Lay marketing vice-president, immediately set out to turn around the stumbling but still formidable snack giant. During 1991 the company eliminated 1,800--or about 60 percent--of its administrative and managerial jobs, creating a much more streamlined structure. Four of the company's 40 plants were closed or sold off, and more than 100 package sizes and brand varieties were dropped from what had become an unwieldy product portfolio. On the selling side, Frito-Lay created 22 sales/marketing offices to bring decision-making closer to retailers and consumers. To enhance the flavor of both chips, the company developed a new frying process and switched from soybean oil to cottonseed oil.
Frito-Lay Company
Sales began expanding geographically after Doolin hired a sales force to make regular deliveries to stores. The Frito Company also began selling the products of potato chip manufacturers through license agreements. Frito-Lay began in the early 1930s as two companies, "The Frito Company" and "H.W. Lay & Company", which merged in 1961 to form "Frito-Lay, Inc". In 1965, Frito-Lay, Inc. merged with the Pepsi-Cola Company, resulting in the formation of PepsiCo.
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The Frito Company continued to operate 11 plants, but its franchise operations had been reduced to six after the company bought out several franchisees. Doolin soon expanded to the family garage, and increased production by developing a press that operated more efficiently than the potato ricer. Within a year of his purchase of the business, Doolin moved the headquarters for the Frito Company from San Antonio to Dallas, the latter having distribution advantages.
Pepsi's CEO and president became CEO and president of PepsiCo, while Herman Lay was named chairman, a position he held until 1971. Lay then served as chairman of the executive committee until 1980, when he retired. Servicing retail stores and gas stations in the region, the new PEC – which sees 800 miles a day on average driven through the facility - will benefit the local community by removing 260 metric tons of greenhouse gas (GHG) annually.
This was coincidentally the same year that Doolin had established the Frito Company. (QUEEN CITY NEWS) — The company behind some of our favorite snack foods is going electric. In 1968 Frito-Lay began a new Fritos advertising campaign featuring the Frito Bandito, a Mexican bandit complete with a long mustache, sombrero, and six-gun who spoke in a heavy accent.
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In 1953 the Frito Kid made his debut as a company spokesman; the character continued to be used in Fritos advertising until 1967. In 1956 the Frito Kid made an appearance on the "Today" show with host Dave Garroway, marking the Frito Company's first use of television advertising. Fritos gained a new advertising theme in 1958 with the debut of "Munch a Bunch of Fritos." That year, the Frito Company acquired the rights to Ruffles brand potato chips. The following year, Doolin died, having led his company to its status as a major snack food maker, with revenues exceeding $51 million.
All olestra products carried warning labels stating that they 'may cause abdominal cramping and loose stools.' Despite waves of negative publicity, the Wow! Line was the best-selling new consumer product of 1998, garnering a whopping $350 million in sales. Lay added manufacturing plants in Jacksonville, Florida; Jackson, Mississippi; Louisville, Kentucky; and Greensboro, North Carolina. Lay also built a new plant in Atlanta featuring a continuous potato chip production line, one of the first in the world. In 1944 the company began marketing potato chips under the Lay's name, with the Gardner's brand becoming a historical footnote. Lay became one of the first snack food concerns to advertise on television, with a campaign featuring the debut of Oscar, the Happy Potato, the company's first spokesperson.
Similar joint-ventures were arranged in other regions of the world in the 2000s, including Smith's in Australia, and Sabritas and Gamesa in Mexico. As a result of these international arrangements, some global Frito-Lay products (such as Doritos) are branded under the same name worldwide. For example, Lay's chips are a similar product to Walkers Crisps in the UK[24] and both share similar logo designs.
In 1996 PepsiCo merged its domestic and international snack food operations into a single entity called Frito-Lay Company, consisting of two main operating units, Frito-Lay North America and Frito-Lay International. The following year Frito-Lay bought the Cracker Jack brand from Borden, marking the company's reentrance into the nonsalty snack food sector. Also in 1997 Frito-Lay reentered the sandwich cracker market with the national introduction of seven varieties. Frito-Lay expanded internationally in 1998 through the acquisition of several salty snack assets in Europe and Smith's Snackfood Company in Australia from United Biscuit Holdings plc for US$440 million. In late 1998 Frito-Lay announced that it had formed a broad Latin American joint venture with Savoy Brands International, part of a Venezuelan conglomerate, Empresas Polar SA.
Supported by strategic collaborations with local utility eTransEnergy and charging solutions company Atom Power, the commitment entails deploying 700 EVs by year-end 2023. This includes a fleet of 28 Ford E-Transit vans and a wide array of charging solutions, all of which serve as a proving ground for future Frito-Lay electric depots, the company announced. The company on Tuesday unveiled its first 100% electric vehicle site at its South Charlotte Product Exchange Center. “This was the right location with the right route design and types that allowed us to convert to 100 percent electric, so we did,” Frito-Lay Chief Sustainability Officer David Allen said.
In 1932 the Texas native was running an ice cream business which was struggling because of a price war. Doolin began seeking a new venture and happened to buy a five-cent, plain package of corn chips while eating at a San Antonio café. At the time, corn chips or "fritos" (the word frito means fried in Spanish) were a common fried corn meal snack in the Southwest. Typically, cooks would cut flattened corn dough into ribbons, then season and fry them.
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